Tuesday, December 30, 2025

Overlooked Mapping Highlights from 2025-Part 1

Many people are putting together their best of lists for 2025. I don’t have time to stay on top of all map content so rather than a best of, here is a list of inetersting map-related posts I’ve missed this year. Due to content length restrictions, I will break this into two separate posts so here is Part 1.

  1. Overthinking about vertical writing of Hangul labels on maps - Here is a wonky problem I have never considered in my cartographic career. Hangul is the Korean alphabet. In a system that can be written vertically or horizontally, how do you orient your text on the vertical (north-south) roads? Author Hanbyul Jo surveyed her Korean friends for a preference. When no clear preference emerged, she turned to Korea’s main map services, who approach the problem differently.


    I reformatted the maps above from the original post for ease of comparison. It may be a little difficult for westerners to interpret but you can clearly see how the number 12 is written differently. Next, she turned to paper maps with the conclusion that maps that mixed Hangul with Chinese characters tended to label these road vertically, while maps in pure Hangul went horizontal. 


The map above (Seoul City Map -Seongji Publishing, 2024) appears to be in the latter category. Mainly I’m showing it because it’s a nice looking map. While the author remained on the fence she considers maps with the vertical text “a precious example of two writing styles naturally mixed together”.

  1. A North Korean Atlas

While on the subject of Korea, Miguel from A Cartographer’s Tale acquired an electronic copy of a North Korean atlas from the early 2000’s. It is fascinating. The narrative is that the Communists won the Korean War and the country is united, as in this physical map of Korea.


Maps of other countries are shown in various colors but they chose gray for “enemy” countries such as the United States and Japan. Here is the United States, because it’s the country I know best. What are the red lines? Roads, railroads or just random lines connecting cities? They appear to loosely follow rail lines. Also, the city locations are odd. Note the major city in central Oregon, Perhaps that’s Portland but if so the location is way off. Is the furthest Northeast dot also Portland? The text is different.

The ocean current maps are nice though a bit hard to follow.


You can see many more of these maps at A Cartographers’s Tale.

  1. A Sketch of Isle Royale

Daniel Huffman, who has always been generous about sharing his mapmaking techniques, made his first National Park map. It is a beautiful sketch of Isle Royale in Lake Superior.

The map uses a plan-oblique view, a hybrid between a bird’s-eye style view and an overhead (typical of most maps) view. If you’re interested in technique or want to buy a copy you can do so here.

  1. The Sahara Desert and its Lakes

From that well known map site, Instagram comes this map showing northern Africa when it was a much more humid place, full of rivers and lakes. Aside from a few oasis towns, Lake Chad is about the only surviving water body and it is drying up.

This map came from Alex Vicente Conde who posts “bizarre maps” under @egm_bizarros. Translated into English from the author’s text: “This is what North Africa and the Sahara looked like 8,000 years ago at the height of the African Humid Period. 🙂 Subfossils of fish and other creatures that inhabited these lakes can still be found there today.”

More highlights to come, probably next week.


Thursday, December 25, 2025

The Battle of Trenton

 249 years ago today, at a low ebb of the Revolutionary War for the Americans, George Washington set out a plan to turn the tide of the war by making a surprise attack on Hessian soldiers in Trenton. On Christmas night the general, 2,400 soldiers and 18 cannons crossed the icy Delaware River by moonlight. The troops approached Trenton from two directions and surrounded the Hessians.

image via American Battlefield Trust

The resounding victory helped save the Revolutionary cause and create momentum towards winning the Battle of Princeton a week later. As a child in Bucks County Pennsylvania, I have vague memories of getting up early on a cold day to watch the Reenactment at nearby Washington’s Crossing on Christmas Day. 

More on the battle and video content can be seen here on the PBS American Revolution’s web site.

Tuesday, December 23, 2025

Mood of the USA Heading into 2026

 Well. it’s been quite a 2025 here in the U S of A. America sure is great again. I have surveyed the mood of the country as we head into a new year and created this map. It is based on robust data sources such as: 

  • Anecdotes

  • Conversations with random people

  • Stuff seen on the internet

    and most importantly…

  • my own personal prejudices

    Have a great holiday season!
     

Wednesday, December 17, 2025

While I was busy with the 30 Day Map Challenge last month, two new books from Belt Publishing's 50 Maps series were released. This two-city release reminded me that I also missed some other releases since I last covered this series. Thanks to the generosity of cartographer Andy Woodruff most of this post will feature Cincinnati 


“editor Nick Swartsell and cartographer 
Andy Woodruff present over fifty ways of looking at the Queen City, from its early roadways and Indigenous earthworks to its shifting neighborhood borders. A visualization of relative population density can tell one story, and one showing where jobs are clustered tells another. New maps with up-to-date data sit beside historical maps that show things like exactly how communities were razed to make room for highways.“ You are invited to “find every place you can get Cincinnati chili, the location of every public stairway, and where the infamous Cincy traffic is worst.“ Here are some maps courtesy of Andy.



Above are the city’s inclines, and a beautiful representation of the area’s topography that gave rise to them. The numbers show hills with scenic views of the city.


This map shows the city’s municipal islands with a nice legend. Columbus has even more of these.


In addition to these inholdings are the city’s “other” downtowns; the neighborhood business districts. Here are some of them.

Columbus in 50 Maps has also just been released.


“Columbus is a place perpetually in search of an identity. Once called a “cow town,” it is now a sprawling metropolitan area and home to the behemoth Ohio State University. How can one best represent the city, in all its complications and contradictions?”

Edited by Brent Warren with cartography from Vicky Johnson-Dahl, it shows “things that are inherently Columbus, from ComFest to the present and former locations of the city’s iconic arches.“ It also offers “maps that offer surprising ways of looking at the city“. Unfortunately there’s not much I can share with you as Belt and Arcadia Publishing don’t share images of what’s inside. Without stealing from the book, all I have are these low resolution images from Amazon. The first one shows Columbus’s municipal islands.


Two other books briefly reached my attention but I never got around to buying or reviewing them. For now I will just mention 
Pittsburgh, “one of America’s most consistently surprising cities“, 


and the 
Great Lakes, the only regional, non-urban map in this series.


“The largest freshwater system on Earth, like you’ve never seen it before.“

Again, not much in the way of maps I can show but I found this nice map of the cryptids (lake monsters) of the Great Lakes, via the Milwaukee Record.


 

Thursday, December 11, 2025

Biomes for Kids

This lovely map of the earth’s biomes is part of the Maps for Kids poster series by R J Andrews and Robert Simmon.


In this blog post, Andrews discusses the process of making this poster from the inspiration of an Erwin Raisz atlas to the full production details. There’s even a flow chart showing the steps, software, and file formats used. While the above image is not very high resolution he provides this nice detailed image.


The authors do a great job making distinguishable colors from a limited green to brown palette. I also love how the legend uses temperature and humidity symbols to indicate each biome’s characteristics.


They also did a very nice job of giving life to the oceans with a low contrast bathymetry gradient. The original Raisz atlas only had two globes. This made Antarctica, New Zealand and much of Australia invisible so they added a third one to complete the picture*. I also like how they rotated the final three globes a bit to avoid them looking like “Mickey Mouse ears”.

*though if you’re Senegalese, you might not feel well represented.

Wednesday, December 3, 2025

30 Day Map Challenge 2025 - Days 26-30

Here lies the final installment of this year’s 30 Day Map Challenge. November was busy with the last 3 weekends out of town, a brief illness at the end and a new (dog) family member. I was not sure I would be able to finish and while I did this last batch of maps are ones that could use more work.

Day 26 - Transport

This unsatisfying map took several forms before arriving at its current state. The railroads, ports and airports came from the Natural Earth dataset that was the subject of Day 22. I tried just showing railroads with no other context but the result was dull. The most used shipping lanes were added from Marine Vessel Traffic. I wanted to represent them in a way that was clear, but also fuzzy enough to show the many variations of the routes. It’s interesting how the ship traffic largely bypasses Cuba. This map was revisited for Day 30 but without much more success.

Day 27 - Boundaries

Boundaries were drawn from Encyclopedia Brittanica. The flag idea was fun but ultimately does not add much. I’m not sure how those two areas of international waters came to be. They almost mimic the 200 mile exclusive economic zones but the distance is much further.

Day 28 - Black

A black theme for Black Friday. This was fun to make and came out nicely but after seeing what others posted for this theme, I may have been able to do something more interesting.

Day 29 - Raster

These last two days were particularly difficult as I was ill and also traveling. The Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone appears every summer when nutrient rich water, mainly from agriculture enters the Gulf depleting aquatic life of oxygen. The zone’s size varies from year to year but it is always large. The raster image was taken from NASA and only the land part was altered to make it stand out more.

Day 30 - Makeover


I almost didn't get this one done. In fact it really isn’t done. I had the idea to take the map from Day 26, and make it antique style like my Day 24 Portolan Chart map (from this post). I removed airports and thinned out the railroads. Unfortunately it looks too much like the portolan chart map. Time constraints left me unable to improve it.

Well, it’s been fun and I’ve learned at least a few things about the Gulf of Mexico and maybe you did too. Thanks for tuning in to my obsessive compulsions for a full month. Ultimately my tiny protest against the weak “obey in advance” stance of most map companies will be meaningless but it felt good to get it out there. I will never use that other stupid name, if I can help it. Maybe others will join me in that at least.

How does Gulf of Cuba sound? Not great either.

Tuesday, November 25, 2025

30 Day Map Challenge 2025 - Days 20-25

Here is another (almost) week of 30 Day Map Challenge maps featuring the Gulf of Mexico. If you need any background on why/where, you can review the first post of this series.

Day 20 - Water


Here is a map showing the currents and undersea landforms of the Gulf of Mexico. The loop current is an interesting process of water flows in and out of the Gulf. I took an image originally from Texas Pelagics, and repeated on numerous media sites, and placed it in the background. Several data sources combined for the inconsistent landform names. 


Day 21 - Icons
 

There was a tiny bit of actual research involved, mainly using previous day's maps but mostly this was just fanciful. It was a fun map to make and after "improving" it a few times, I decided I liked the original version best.

Day 22 - Data Challenge: Natural Earth Dataset


I have a nice Natural Earth image from a previous year's challenge. I downloaded a bunch of infrastructure data and plopped it on top.

Day 23 - Process


We are supposed to show our process for making a selected map so here it is. I chose my skin cell map from Day 16 because there was a little bit of artistic work, but it's otherwise typical of my normal process. I mostly use QGIS along with the Mac program Keynote and GIMP. Keynote is not the most powerful software package but for simply laying out text and pictures, it does the job fine. I have more sophisticated software packages but those are my easy go to's, especially when doing a rush job. The map for Day 24, just below was all done in Keynote.

Day 24 - Places and their names


This map may not precisely fit the prompt but it gave me an excuse to make a Portolan Chart. I've wanted to make my own Portolan for a while and here was an excuse. The compass roses were lifted from this map.

Day 25 - Hexagons


This day's challenge encouraged us to "Celebrate this beautiful and effective tessellation". People commonly associate hexagons with bees so I took an article from CNN, and projected the info onto a hex grid.

Stay tuned for more Gulf of Mexico fun!

Thursday, November 20, 2025

A Brief Look at "The American Revolution"

In between obsessing over 30 Day Map Challenges I’ve been watching The American Revolution on PBS. It’s impressive in its scope and ambition and the map content is wonderful. Lines are animated across historical maps, many of which I’ve never seen before, to show troop movements in red (British) and blue (American). Here is an example from the series that you can watch a clip of on their web site


This shows Brooklyn, NY and the Battle of Long Island. George Washington’s army was forced to retreat after failing to secure the Jamaica Pass over the Gowanus Heights. I had no idea that Brooklyn had such heights as to require people to travel through passes. I’ve never had much trouble getting through that area-it’s the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway around the perimeter that will kill you.

Here is an interactive map where you can click various battle sites to get more content. I like that when you choose the Battle of Trenton it starts snowing across New Jersey.

I have not had a chance to explore much of their web content, but having spent most of my life traveling between Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey and Massachusetts, and seeing signs for these battlefields all over the region, there will be much for me to explore. I may come back to this for a more in depth post in the future.

 

Wednesday, November 19, 2025

30 Day Map Challenge 2025 - Days 13-19

This was a difficult week for my personal 30 Day Map Challenge. I’ve been using the Gulf of Mexico as my theme. Some of the recent prompts have little to do with the Gulf and the results have neither been very inspiring and nor educational. Looking ahead, I think next week’s prompts will be better. Anyway here’s another 7 days.

Day 13 - 10 minute map

I drew this map during a work meeting. I did not have any visuals available so the accuracy is not great and Florida looks especially saggy.


Day 14
 - this is one of the “Data Challenge” days - use OpenStreetMap. For Day 8 (urban) I had made a map of Veracruz, one of the larger cities on the Gulf Coast. I used OpenStreetMap for that data but it wasn’t very satisfying. Here I got a more complete data set and tried to flesh out the map. I like the silly idea of creating a guide to a place I’ve never been.


Day 15
 - Fire. The Gulf Coast is not an area known for volcanoes or wildfires so I had to dig a little deeper. Power generation is a big part of the local economy so I went with power plants, and to double up on the theme made it into a heat map. The data is from a few Google searches, including some in Spanish to get sites in Mexico and Cuba. I removed hydro and wind power stations as they do not produce fire.


Day 16
 - Cell. This is an unusual prompt. From the 30 Day web site ”This could be a geographic cell (raster, tessellation), a cellular network, or a biological/social process (e.g., disease spread).” I found an image of skin cells via study.com and overlaid it to look like the cells are colored by the Gulf’s geography.


Day 17
 - A new tool. For this challenge I used MapLibre, a software library I’ve wanted to use for a while. I spent much time working on tutorials and trying things out but the end result was just taking one of Dr. Qiusheng Wu’s examples and mainly changing the location, bearing and pitch to get a 3D map of the Gulf of Mexico. I used the southernmost part of the Gulf because that is where the most dramatic topography is. Most of the rest of the region is quite flat.


Day 18
 - Out of this world. Interesting idea for a prompt but not one that relates well to the Gulf of Mexico. I simply found an image on iStockPhoto and marked it up a bit.


Day 19
 - Projections. Again a tricky one to relate to my theme. I did a recent post featuring the Spilhaus Projection and remembered how the Gulf of Mexico appears on it twice in many versions. I tried to make my own map, but two different software packages gagged on drawing that projection so I took a Wikipedia image and marked it up.


These last two days could be described as mostly effortless and uninformative but I’m taking what the challenge is giving and running with it. I’ve learned more about the Gulf in the last few days despite the meager output and hope to be able to show some of that knowledge over the next week.

Wednesday, November 12, 2025

30 Day Map Challenge 2025 - Days 6-12

Another week of my Gulf of Mexico 30 Day Map Challenges. Last week's are here.

Day 6 - Dimensions

The prompt “dimensions” can mean height, depth or multidimensional data. Since my focus is on a body of water, I went with bathymetry (water depth) using the same data from Day 5 but rendered with an attempted 3D look. 3D is definitely a weakness of mine and it shows here.


Day 7 - Accessibility

Again, here’s a prompt that can mean many things. I went with public beach access. The data came from a couple of different Google Map queries but it seems very incomplete, especially in Mexico.


Day 8 - Urban

This challenge should ideally be a learning experience for me and all of us. Veracruz is a large city, regional center and significant port that I know little about. Here is a map showing some of the city’s amenities. The data is from OpenStreetMap. I will be revisiting this for my Day 14 map.


Day 9 - Analog

I made a cut paper map of the Gulf of Mexico. Here it is presented with the land on top of a glass coffee table at my mother’s apartment against a piece blue fleece and the water piece in the back.

Day 10 - Air

I took an air quality map from PurpleAir and mixed and expanded the colors to try and present a more regionalized picture of air quality. The problem with that data is that because there are many fewer sensors in Mexico than the United States, the one in Tampico that had a very high (bad air) reading made the entire region look worse than it is. There was another sensor in Tampico with good readings but there are too few of them to moderate the bad readings. I probably should have moderated the map a bit more and not spread the red color so far and wide there. Veracruz was also impacted by a negative reading from a town over a hundred miles inland from there.


Day 11 - Minimal

For the minimal theme, I revisited the paper cut map, mainly because I liked this version I had made for Day 9 and here was an excuse to use it. This one is presented against my blue nylon jacket, standing in for the water.


Day 12 - Map from 2125

We are instructed to make a speculative map showing 100 years into the future. I used predicted sea level rise data from NOAA, a US agency, so there is no Mexico data. These estimates are conservative and are not as alarming as they maybe could be. I did a little airbrushing of the colors representing inundated areas and added some Chinese text to list the Chinese States of America, Mexico, the Gulf and the Special Administrative Autonomous Region of Houston. Just having some fun speculating, nothing to take too seriously.

Next week - more! 

Wednesday, November 5, 2025

30 Day Map Challenge 2025-Days 1-5

Another November means another #30DayMapChallenge. As I mentioned in last week’s post I’m doing this again, focused on the Gulf of Mexico. This is mainly as a protest at how the major map providers have voluntarily followed a silly and non legally binding executive order on renaming it based on the whims of one person’s ego.

I don’t know very much about the Gulf and have spent little time in the regions surrounding it (see Day 4’s map) so this should be a learning experience for me. I’m already finding it challenging to tie every theme to the Gulf while also trying to be at least a bit creative. Here it goes, each days theme is listed below with commentary where needed:

Day 1 - Points. 


Oil drilling platforms in the Gulf of Mexico. Data source: databasin.org


Day 2 - Lines

Oil and gas pipelines. Data source: NOAA

Day 3 - Polygons


States surrounding the Gulf of Mexico. In the case of Cuba these are provinces. I intentionally left country names and boundaries off to try and show this as more of an international region, however the boundaries are still pretty clear.

Day 4 - My Data. The prompt is to “map something personal” so here is a hand drawn map of where I’ve been along the Gulf.


Day 5 - Earth. Bathymetry of the Gulf of Mexico. Data source: Gulf Coastal Ocean Observing System. 


I found this fun sinking font called Titanic. At first I only had the Gulf labeled but then I was reminded of the Tragically Hip’s song “New Orleans is Sinking” and decided I had to see how that looked in this font. 

Next week - hopefully more!